About Gemstone Amber
Amber belongs to the very few gemstone varieties with an organic origin. Other well-known organic-origin gems include coral, pearl & ivory. The term ‘organic’ implies that biological processes of living organisms give birth to these gems as opposed to most other gemstones with chemical origins.
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The gemstone formed 45 to 50 million years ago when aromatic resin oozed out from the bark of Pinus Succinifera trees, hardening and fossilizing with time. The term ‘Pinus Succinifera’ does not refer to a single tree species. Instead, the name alludes to a group of resin-bearing trees collectively. Amazingly, we have found amber dating back to 320 million years.
Even though we find specific types of Amber in the ground, mostly, they have been freed and carried away by tides. Tossed around northern Europe by glaciers, river channels, and waves, chunks of genuine Baltic Amber can be found today on the eastern coasts of Holland & England, all over Poland, North Germany, Scandinavia, and West Russia & the Baltic states. Almost ninety percent of the world’s Amber deposits occur in the Kaliningrad Region of Russia on the Baltic Sea.
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Humans have treasured Amber as a gemstone and a substance since ancient times and used it to craft jewelry and other artworks. The deep yellow-orange color and transparency add value to the gem. While Amber is not a birthstone, it is associated with the astrological sign of Taurus.
Amber derives from the Persian word ‘Ambar,’ which earlier described Ambergris. It is a solid, waxy substance produced in the digestive system of sperm whales. It has a sweet, musky odor and is a natural ingredient in fragrance production.
Later on, around the 14th century, the term ‘Amber’ began to be used to describe the Gemstone Amber. Amber and Ambergris are frequently mixed up to great confusion since each of them washes up on sea shores. However, the two are distinguishable by their densities. Ambergris floats in freshwater while Amber sinks in freshwater. Their odor and color can also distinguish them.
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Scientists aptly call Amber the time capsule of nature. It is so because the gemstone gives us glimpses of life (in fossilized form) that existed millions of years ago and is now extinct.
As a gemstone, Amber is celebrated and valued for its inclusions. We can see myriad life forms such as ants, bees, termites, moths, caterpillars, spiders & other insects fossilized and suspended in Amber. Feathers and flower parts, pine needles, leaves, and gas bubbles are other inclusions typical to Amber gemstone.
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Inclusions of larger animals like lizards, frogs, scorpions, or snails (particularly if preserved intact) can make Amber very valuable.
Eons ago, when fresh Amber (resin) was oozing out of host trees, it became a sticky ambush for living organisms in its vicinity. Both flora and fauna became entrapped and embalmed in the slimy flow.
Preserved in this manner, scientists identified over one thousand extinct animal species and various plant matter types in Amber.
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The encapsulated plant material and insects also capture strands of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid -the basic building block of life). Consequently, Amber is often referred to as a “Window to the Past.”
Recently, the top-rated dinosaur movie “Jurassic Park” played a crucial role in promoting Gemstone Amber worldwide.
The idea of cloning dinosaurs from the DNA found in dinosaur blood sucked up by prehistoric mosquitoes preserved in Amber gave birth to the movie’s concept.
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The movie generated much interest in Gemstone Amber and led to a worldwide surge in demand for amber jewelry.
Gemstone Amber stimulates the soul, enchants the eye, warms the heart, and excites the world’s scientific imagination.
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Factors Determining Value Of Gemstone Amber: |
Generally speaking, Baltic Gemstone Amber will fetch you a higher price than Dominican Amber. Amber chunks with plant, animal, or insect inclusions are more expensive than clean pieces devoid of such inclusions.
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Gemstone Amber cabochons with insect or plant inclusions (particularly if preserved intact) sell for thousands of dollars.
Intact inclusions of larger animals like lizards, frogs, scorpions, or snails can make Amber very valuable.
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Color Attribute Of Gemstone Amber |
The beautiful Gemstone Amber is usually associated with saturated orange-yellow hues. But it can appear in a variety of colors. In fact, Amber gemstone occurs in white, yellow, and orange to reddish brown colors.
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In ascending order of value yellow Amber is least expensive followed by Golden Amber which is comparatively more expensive. Reddish amber is most valuable among these three colors.
Red Amber (also called “dragon blood” Amber) alias cherry amber, has been cherished since ancient times. Red tints in Amber are rare & precious.
It is pertinent to note that oxidation can cause the gem to change color over the course of time and lose value.
Heat treatment & dyeing can also modify the color of Amber.
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Clarity Attribute Of Gemstone Amber: |
Based on its clarity, Amber falls into transparent, semitransparent, translucent & opaque groups.
Transparent amber is more precious than a hazy one. On the other hand, a fascinating plant or animal inclusion will add value to any amber gemstone.
A hazy Gemstone Amber can be somewhat clarified by careful heating in canola (rapeseed oil). However, this treatment can cause crack like circular marks called spangles on the resulting amber gemstone.
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The Fractures Spotted In This Amber Are Proof Of Heat Treatment. Photo by Starbright. From Pixabay. |
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Cut Attribute Of Gemstone Amber: |
Usually, an Amber gemstone is polished into a free-form- shape by sticking to the original contours of the rough material. It might also be drilled into for stringing like beads. Apart from the free-form polished shapes, Amber is commonly cut into cabochons & beads. A faceted gemstone is extremely rare.
A big stone can be carved. Smaller stones are polished, used rough or sorted away.
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Carat Weight Attribute Of Gemstone Amber: |
A low density of 1.05 – 1.09 approximately makes Gemstone Amber very light. So light, in fact that it floats in salt water. It is thus possible to use fairly large size amber gemstones for casting jewelry.
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Caring For Your Gemstone Amber: |
Never clean your Amber Stones or Amber jewelry using ultrasonic cleaners. Avoid prolonged exposure to water as it can ruin the polish. Amber can be easily scratched by other jewelry. Wrap your amber stones in a soft cloth and always store them separately from other gems and jewelry.
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